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See all EU institutions and bodiesMA categories | TEEB categories | CICES v4.3 group* |
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Food (fodder) | Food | Biomass [Nutrition] |
Biomass (Materials from plants, algae and animals for agricultural use) | ||
Fresh water | Water | Water (for drinking purposes) [Nutrition] |
Water (for non-drinking purposes) [Materials] | ||
Fibre, timber | Raw Materials | Biomass (fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use and processing) |
Genetic resources | Genetic resources | Biomass (genetic materials from all biota) |
Biochemicals | Medicinal resources | Biomass (fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use and processing) |
Ornamental resources | Ornamental resources | Biomass (fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use and processing) |
Biomass based energy sources | ||
Mechanical energy (animal based) | ||
Air quality regulation | Air quality regulation | [Mediation of] gaseous/air flows |
Water purification and water treatment | Waste treatment (water purification) | Mediation [of waste, toxics and other nuisances] by biota |
Mediation [of waste, toxics and other nuisances] by ecosystems | ||
Water regulation | Regulation of water flows | [Mediation of] liquid flows |
Moderation of extreme events | ||
Erosion regulation | Erosion prevention | [Mediation of] mass flows |
Climate regulation | Climate regulation | Atmospheric composition and climate regulation |
Soil formation (supporting service) | Maintenance of soil fertility | Soil formation and composition |
Pollination | Pollination | Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection |
Pest regulation | Biological control | Pest and disease control |
Disease regulation | ||
Primary production Nutrient cycling (supporting services) | Maintenance of life cycles of migratory species (incl. nursery service) | Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection |
Soil formation and composition | ||
[Maintenance of] water conditions | ||
Maintenance of genetic diversity (especially in gene pool protection) | Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection | |
Spiritual and religious values | Spiritual experience | Spiritual and/or emblematic |
Aesthetic values | Aesthetic information | Intellectual and representational interactions |
Cultural diversity | Inspiration for culture, art and design | Intellectual and representational interactions |
Spiritual and/or emblematic | ||
Recreation and ecotourism | Recreation and tourism | Physical and experiential interactions |
Knowledge systems and educational values | Information for cognitive development | Intellectual and representational interactions |
Other cultural outputs (existence, bequest) | ||
MA provides a classification that is globally recognised and used in sub global assessments. | TEEB provides an updated classification, based on the MA, which is used in on-going national TEEB studies across Europe. | CICES provides a hierarchical system, building on the MA and TEEB classifications but tailored to accounting. |